Internet usage in Russia - statistics & facts

How do Russians access the internet?

Seven out of ten Russian households connected to the internet via smartphones, mobile phones, electronic books, or personal digital assistants (PDAs). The country was forecast to have over 108 million mobile internet users in 2025. The 5G infrastructure is still under development, challenged by high costs and policy complications, as higher frequencies are occupied by national security authorities. The number of mobile broadband subscriptions was projected at nearly 157 million in 2021, which was over four times higher than the fixed broadband connections count.

What are the major internet companies in Russia?

A major characteristic of the Russian internet is a wide availability of the country's own online resources. The leading internet corporations are Yandex and Mail.ru Group. Both companies provide a variety of services, such as a search engine, food delivery, mobility apps, maps, or news aggregators. Furthermore, they expanded their businesses with Internet of Things (IoT) solutions, such as smart home devices and virtual assistants. When it comes to social media, the user count of domestic platforms like VK, or Vkontakte, Telegram, the ban on which was lifted in June 2020, and Ok.ru, or Odnoklassniki, was among the highest in the country. In the e-commerce segment, the largest online retailer was Wildberries.

Russia's sovereign internet

Freedom House ranked Russia's internet freedom at 30 out of 100 points in 2021, as the internet use is limited by state-led interventions, such as information bans and site blockings. The government is pursuing the 'sovereign internet' policy, amending the national legislation to ensure a centralized management of the RuNet by the state. In 2020, free access was enabled to domestic online resources that were considered socially essential. Starting from April 2021, smartphones, computers, and smart TV devices sold in the country had to have Russian software pre-installed on them. At the end of 2021, the government demanded several foreign tech companies, such as Google, Meta, Apple, TikTok, and Twitter, to open a subsidiary in Russia to comply with the country's regulations.

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